India’s healthcare system supports these advanced surgical techniques through a network of well-equipped hospitals and highly skilled cardiac surgeons. The country is also recognized for its cost-effective treatment options, attracting patients from around the world for cardiac care.

Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)

• Traditional CABG: Open-heart surgery to bypass blocked coronary arteries.
• Minimally Invasive Direct Coronary Artery Bypass (MIDCAB): A less invasive procedure using smaller incisions.
• Off-Pump CABG: Surgery performed while the heart is still beating, without the use of a heart-lung machine.

Heart Valve Surgery

• Valve Repair: Surgical techniques to repair damaged heart valves.
• Valve Replacement: Replacement of damaged valves with mechanical or biological prostheses.
  • Aortic Valve Replacement: For treating aortic valve diseases.
  • Mitral Valve Replacement: For treating mitral valve diseases.
  • Tricuspid Valve Replacement: For treating tricuspid valve diseases.
  • Pulmonary Valve Replacement: For treating pulmonary valve diseases.

Congenital Heart Surgery

• Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) Repair: Closing a hole in the wall between the heart’s upper chambers.
• Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) Repair: Closing a hole in the wall between the heart’s lower chambers.
• Tetralogy of Fallot Repair: Correcting multiple congenital heart defects in one surgery.
• Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) Closure: Sealing an abnormal blood vessel connection in the heart.
• Coarctation of the Aorta Repair: Correcting a narrowed aorta.

Aneurysm Repair

• Aortic Aneurysm Repair: Surgery to fix a bulge in the aorta.
• Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Repair: Repairing an aneurysm in the upper part of the aorta.
• Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Repair: Repairing an aneurysm in the lower part of the aorta.

Heart Transplant

• Orthotopic Heart Transplant: Replacing a diseased heart with a healthy donor heart.
• Heterotopic Heart Transplant: Attaching a donor heart to the existing heart for support.

Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) Implantation

• Bridge to Transplant (BTT): Using LVAD as a temporary measure before a heart transplant.
• Destination Therapy: Long-term use of LVAD for patients not eligible for a heart transplant.

Arrhythmia Surgery

• Maze Procedure: Surgical treatment for atrial fibrillation by creating scar tissue to block abnormal signals.
• Pacemaker Implantation: Device implantation to regulate abnormal heart rhythms.
• Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) Implantation: Device to correct life-threatening arrhythmias.
• Catheter Ablation: Destroying problematic heart tissue causing arrhythmias.

Transcatheter Procedures

• Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR): Minimally invasive valve replacement procedure.
• Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair (TMVR): Minimally invasive repair of the mitral valve.
• Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI): Also known as angioplasty, to open blocked arteries.

Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery

• Robot-Assisted Surgery: Enhanced precision and smaller incisions using robotic systems.
• Mini-Thoracotomy: Smaller incisions for less invasive heart surgeries.
• Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS): Using a thoracoscope for minimally invasive procedures.

Endovascular Surgery

• Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR): Minimally invasive repair of aortic aneurysms using stent grafts.
• Carotid Artery Stenting: Procedure to open narrowed carotid arteries and prevent strokes.

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO)

• ECMO Support: Providing heart and lung support for patients with severe cardiac and respiratory failure.